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2008Alexandrov I.a, Bonarski J.b, Korshunov, A.c, Tarkowski L.b, Sitdikov V.a Homogeneity of the crystallographic texture and deformation behavior in Cu and Ti under severe plastic deformation // Archives of Metallurgy and Material, 2008, Volume 53, Issue 1, Pages 237 - 241 a Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 12 K. Marx, 450000, Ufa, Russian Federation The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the evolution of the homogeneity of the crystallographic texture and deformation behavior in bulk Cu and Ti billets subjected to the different numbers of equal - channel angular pressing ( ECAP ). It is found that the 1st pass during ECAP of pure Cu and Ti results in the formation of the pronounced preferred orientation of crystallites. Increase of the number of ECAP passes is accompanied by the formation of pronounced texture maxima which are orderly arranged in the pole figure. The intensity of texture maxima corresponding to the central part of the billet is the highest. The heterogeneity of the deformation behavior grows significantly after the 1st ECAP pass as compared to the initial state, but it reduces with the increasing number of ECAP passes. Petrina L.S. Chemical and radiation danger of uranium aerosols // Atomic Energy, 2008, Volume 105, Issue 1, Pages 65 - 70 RFNC - VNIIEF, Sarov, Russian Federation Criteria are proposed for the acceptable risk of single intrusions of uranium compounds. The criteria take account of the chemical and radiotoxicity of the compounds. These criteria were developed on the basis of known data on the toxicity and radiotoxicity of uranium compounds and are recommended for analyzing the risk of operating dangerous industrial objects. Gurevich G.M.a, Erzinkyan A.L.b, Eversheim P.D.c, Filimonov V.T.d, Golovko V.V.e, Herzog P.c, Kraev I.S.e, Lukhanin A.A.f, Belyaev A.A.f, Parfenova V.P.b, Phalet T.e, Rusakov A.V.a, Severijns N.e, Toporov Yu.G.d, Tramm C.c, Vyachin V.N.g, Zakoucky D.h, Zotov E. d The effect of metallic environment and low temperature on the 253Es α decay rate // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, 2008, Volume 72, Issue 3, Pages 315 - 318 a Institute for Nuclear Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119312 Moscow, Russian Federation In recent publications it has been pointed out that the α decay of transuranic elements in nuclear waste can be considerably speeded up by putting them into metals. The proposed mechanism is based on the effect of electron screening of radioactive nuclei ( according to the Debye electron plasma model ), which grows enhanced as temperature decreases. To verify the predicted phenomenon, half - lives of 253Es nuclei implanted in a metallic iron foil were measured at the temperature from 4 K to 50 mK. The results agree with the room - temperature data reported in the literature; no temperature dependence of the half-life was found within the error of ≈ 2%. Serov V.I. Peculiarities of deuteron splitting by the Coulomb field of heavy nuclei // Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics, 2008, Volume 72, Issue 3, Pages 407 - 410 RFNC - VNIIEF, Sarov, Russian Federation It is shown that the ( d,pf ) reaction occurs through two channels. The second channel is related to the deuteron splitting in the Coulomb field of the nucleus and the formation of a singlet deuteron with a kinetic energy lower than the incident-deuteron energy by 2.3 MeV, sizes exceeding > anp , and an isospin equal to 1. The interaction of a singlet deuteron with the initial nucleus leads to occupation of the shape isomer states. Gordeev D.G., Gudarenko L.F., Zhernokletov M.V., Kudel'Kin V.G., Mochalov M.A. Semi - empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum // Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves, 2008, Volume 44, Issue 2, Pages 177 - 189 RFNC - VNIIEF, Sarov, Russian Federation A semi - empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229,71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel ( SiO2 ) of density 0,08 g/cm3. Panov K.N., Komrachkov V.A., Tselikov I.S. Method for studying the decomposition kinetics of an explosive behind a SW front // Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves, 2008, Volume 44, Issue 6, Pages 704 - 710 RFNC - VNIIEF, Sarov, Russian Federation An experimental procedure is proposed that allows simultaneous measurements of time dependences of pressure and density in the same experiment. The dependences can be used to determine the variation in the phase composition of the material behind the shock front in the coordinates pressure - volume and to calculate the time variation in the degree of decomposition of the explosive after the passage of the shock front. Dependences of the formal kinetics of postshock deco mposition were obtained for an explosive composition based on sensitized HMX. Ogorodnikov V.A., Romanov A.V., Erunov S.V., Borovkova E.Yu., Davydov A.I., Rogozhkin G.A.b, Pronin E.A.b Interaction of a metallic liner with lumped elements and transfer of perturbations over these elements // Combustion, Explosion and Shock Shock Waves, 2008, Volume 44, Issue 6, Pages 711 - 716 RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Russian Federation Results of an experimental and numerical study of interaction of a metallic liner accelerated by an explosion to a velocity of several kilometers per second with lumped elements in the form of plates are presented. Parameters of perturbations transferred over these elements are quantified. Michler T.a, Yukhimchuk A.A.b, Naumann J.c Hydrogen environment embrittlement testing at low temperatures and high pressures // Corrosion Science, 2008, Volume 50, Issue 12, Pages 3519 - 3526 a Adam Opel GmbH, General Motors Europe R and D, Ruesselsheim, Germany Hydrogen environment embrittlement ( HEE ) of several heats of austenitic stainless steels was measured by slow strain rate tensile testing in hydrogen atmosphere at different temperature-pressure combinations. The relative reduction of area decreased ( means increasing hydrogen embrittlement ) in the following order: 20°C /10 bar > 20°C / 700 bar > - 50°C /10 bar > - 50°C / 400 bar ≈ -80°C / 200 bar. An assessment of the most severe error sources revealed that tensile tests in hydrogen can be performed with a very high repeatability and reproducibility with a total deviation of about 10% with respect to the relative reduction of area ( RRA = RAH2 / RAHe ). Higher deviations in RRA are due to local deviations in metallurgy and chemical composition, which are very sensitive to HEE. Screening tests of several austenitic SS at 20°C / 700 bar show decreasing HEE with increasing Ni content. For RRA > 90%, a minimum Ni content of >11.5 wt % is required. Babich L.P., Donskoi E.N., Kudryavtsev A.Yu., Kutsyk I.M. Analysis of terrestrial γ ray flashes correlated with small variations in the dipole moment of a thunderstorm cloud // Doklady Earth Sciences, 2008, Volume 421, Issue 2, Pages 1004 - 1008 RFNC-VNIIEF, Sarov, Russian Federation No abstract available Ejiri H.a b c , Doe P.d, Elliott S.R.e, Engel J.f, Finger M.g, Fushimi K.h, Gehman V.e, Greenfield M.i, Hazama R.j, Kavitov P.k, Kekelidze V.l, Nakamura H.b, Nomachi M.m, Robertson R.G.H.d, Shima T.a, Slunecka M.g, Shirkov G.l, Sissakian A.l, Titov A.l, Umehara S.m, Vaturin V.k, Voronov V.l, Wilkerson J.F.d, Will D.I.d, Yoshida, S.n, Vrba, V.o MOON for neutrino - less double beta decays // European Physical Journal: Special Topics, 2008, Volume 162, Issue 1, Pages 239 - 250 a RCNP, Osaka University, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan The MOON ( Majorana / Mo Observatory Of Neutrinos ) project aims at studies of the Majorana nature of the neutrino ( ν ) and the ν-mass spectrum by spectroscopic experiments of neutrino - less double beta decays ( 0νββ ) with the ν - mass sensitivity of ( mνm ) = 100 − 30 meV. The solid scintillator option of the MOON detector is a super ensemble of multi - layer modules, each being composed by PL scintillator plates and position - sensitive detector planes with good overall energy resolution of σ ≈ 2% at the Qββ ≈ 3 MeV. Thin ββ source films are interleaved between the detector planes. High localization of the two β tracks enables one to select true signals and reject BG ones. The multi - layer structure of the detector makes it realistic to build a compact ton-scale detector. MOON with detector ≠ ββ source is used for studying 0νββ decays from 100Mo, 82Se and other ββ isotopes with large Qββ . Real - time exclusive measurements of low energy solar neutrinos can be made by observing inverse β rays from solar - ν captures of 100Mo in delayed coincidence with the subsequent β decay of 100Tc.
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